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Cloud Deploy

1 - Overview​

Cloud Deploy is a managed continuous delivery service for deploying applications to GKE, Cloud Run, and other targets.

2 - Concepts​

2.1 Components​

ComponentDescription
Delivery PipelineDefines the deployment stages
TargetDestination (GKE cluster, Cloud Run)
ReleaseDeployable version of the application
RolloutDeployment of a release to a target

2.2 Deployment flow​

3 - Configuration​

3.1 Delivery Pipeline​

# clouddeploy.yaml
apiVersion: deploy.cloud.google.com/v1
kind: DeliveryPipeline
metadata:
  name: my-app-pipeline
description: Deployment pipeline for my-app
serialPipeline:
  stages:
    - targetId: dev
      profiles: [dev]
    - targetId: staging
      profiles: [staging]
    - targetId: production
      profiles: [production]
      strategy:
        canary:
          runtimeConfig:
            kubernetes:
              serviceNetworking:
                service: my-app
                deployment: my-app
          canaryDeployment:
            percentages: [10, 50]
            verify: true

3.2 Targets​

# targets.yaml
apiVersion: deploy.cloud.google.com/v1
kind: Target
metadata:
  name: dev
description: Development cluster
gke:
  cluster: projects/mon-projet/locations/europe-west1/clusters/dev-cluster
---
apiVersion: deploy.cloud.google.com/v1
kind: Target
metadata:
  name: staging
description: Staging cluster
gke:
  cluster: projects/mon-projet/locations/europe-west1/clusters/staging-cluster
requireApproval: true
---
apiVersion: deploy.cloud.google.com/v1
kind: Target
metadata:
  name: production
description: Production cluster
gke:
  cluster: projects/mon-projet/locations/europe-west1/clusters/prod-cluster
requireApproval: true

3.3 Cloud Run Target​

apiVersion: deploy.cloud.google.com/v1
kind: Target
metadata:
  name: production-cloudrun
description: Cloud Run production
run:
  location: projects/mon-projet/locations/europe-west1

4 - Skaffold​

Cloud Deploy uses Skaffold for rendering and deployment.

4.1 skaffold.yaml​

apiVersion: skaffold/v4beta7
kind: Config
metadata:
  name: my-app
profiles:
  - name: dev
    manifests:
      kustomize:
        paths:
          - kubernetes/overlays/dev
  - name: staging
    manifests:
      kustomize:
        paths:
          - kubernetes/overlays/staging
  - name: production
    manifests:
      kustomize:
        paths:
          - kubernetes/overlays/production
deploy:
  kubectl: {}

4.2 Kustomize structure​

kubernetes/
├── base/
│   ├── deployment.yaml
│   ├── service.yaml
│   └── kustomization.yaml
└── overlays/
    ├── dev/
    │   └── kustomization.yaml
    ├── staging/
    │   └── kustomization.yaml
    └── production/
        └── kustomization.yaml

5 - Create and deploy​

5.1 Apply the configuration​

# Create the pipeline and targets
gcloud deploy apply --file=clouddeploy.yaml --region=europe-west1
gcloud deploy apply --file=targets.yaml --region=europe-west1

5.2 Create a release​

# From Cloud Build
gcloud deploy releases create release-001 \
    --project=mon-projet \
    --region=europe-west1 \
    --delivery-pipeline=my-app-pipeline \
    --images=my-app=europe-west1-docker.pkg.dev/mon-projet/images/my-app:v1.0.0

5.3 Cloud Build integration​

# cloudbuild.yaml
steps:
  - name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
    args: ['build', '-t', '${_IMAGE}', '.']
  
  - name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
    args: ['push', '${_IMAGE}']
  
  - name: 'gcr.io/google.com/cloudsdktool/cloud-sdk'
    entrypoint: 'gcloud'
    args:
      - 'deploy'
      - 'releases'
      - 'create'
      - 'release-$SHORT_SHA'
      - '--delivery-pipeline=my-app-pipeline'
      - '--region=europe-west1'
      - '--images=my-app=${_IMAGE}'

substitutions:
  _IMAGE: 'europe-west1-docker.pkg.dev/$PROJECT_ID/images/my-app:$COMMIT_SHA'

6 - Promotions and rollbacks​

6.1 Promote a release​

# Promote to the next target
gcloud deploy releases promote \
    --release=release-001 \
    --delivery-pipeline=my-app-pipeline \
    --region=europe-west1

# To a specific target
gcloud deploy releases promote \
    --release=release-001 \
    --delivery-pipeline=my-app-pipeline \
    --region=europe-west1 \
    --to-target=production

6.2 Approve a deployment​

# List rollouts pending approval
gcloud deploy rollouts list \
    --delivery-pipeline=my-app-pipeline \
    --region=europe-west1 \
    --filter="state=PENDING_APPROVAL"

# Approve
gcloud deploy rollouts approve rollout-001 \
    --delivery-pipeline=my-app-pipeline \
    --release=release-001 \
    --region=europe-west1

6.3 Rollback​

# Create a rollback to a previous release
gcloud deploy targets rollback production \
    --delivery-pipeline=my-app-pipeline \
    --region=europe-west1

# Or promote an older release
gcloud deploy releases promote \
    --release=release-000 \
    --delivery-pipeline=my-app-pipeline \
    --region=europe-west1 \
    --to-target=production

7 - Deployment strategies​

7.1 Rolling Update (default)​

stages:
  - targetId: production
    strategy:
      standard:
        verify: true

7.2 Canary​

stages:
  - targetId: production
    strategy:
      canary:
        runtimeConfig:
          kubernetes:
            serviceNetworking:
              service: my-app
              deployment: my-app
        canaryDeployment:
          percentages: [10, 25, 50, 75]
          verify: true

8 - Notifications​

# Configure Pub/Sub notifications
gcloud deploy delivery-pipelines update my-app-pipeline \
    --region=europe-west1 \
    --notification-config-topic=projects/mon-projet/topics/deploy-notifications

Summary​

In this chapter, we learned:

  • The concepts of Cloud Deploy
  • The configuration of pipelines and targets
  • Integration with Skaffold
  • Releases and how to manage them
  • Promotions and rollbacks
  • Deployment strategies

Next step​

In the next chapter, we will look at Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE).

→ Next chapter: GKE

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