Jenkins Interface and Jobs

Web interface

Main dashboard

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  Jenkins                              [Search]  [Admin ▼]   │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌─────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│  │ New Item     │  │  Build Queue                        │ │
│  │ People       │  │  (empty)                            │ │
│  │ Build History│  ├─────────────────────────────────────┤ │
│  │ Manage       │  │  Build Executor Status              │ │
│  │ My Views     │  │  ● master (idle)                    │ │
│  │ Credentials  │  │  ● agent-1 (building #42)           │ │
│  └──────────────┘  └─────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│                                                             │
│  All Jobs                                                   │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │ Name         │ Status │ Last │ Duration │ Weather   │   │
│  │──────────────┼────────┼──────┼──────────┼───────────│   │
│  │ ☀️ my-app    │   ✓    │ #45  │  2m 30s  │ ☀️        │   │
│  │ ⛈️ api-tests │   ✗    │ #12  │  5m 15s  │ ⛈️        │   │
│  │ 🌤️ deploy   │   ●    │ #8   │  1m 45s  │ 🌤️        │   │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Status indicators

Icon	Meaning
🔵 ✓	Successful build
🔴 ✗	Failed build
🟡 ⚠	Unstable build (tests failed)
⚪	Never built
🔄	Build in progress
⏸️	Build disabled

Weather

The weather indicates the trend of recent builds:

Weather	Meaning
☀️	80%+ success
🌤️	60-80% success
⛅	40-60% success
🌧️	20-40% success
⛈️	0-20% success

Job types

Freestyle Project

A classic job configured through the interface.

Use case: Simple scripts, one-off tasks.

Pipeline

A job defined in Groovy code.

Use case: Complex CI/CD, Pipeline as Code.

Multibranch Pipeline

An automatic pipeline per Git branch.

Use case: Projects with multiple active branches.

Folder

Logical organization of jobs.

my-organization/
├── frontend/
│   ├── web-app
│   └── mobile-app
├── backend/
│   ├── api
│   └── workers
└── infrastructure/
    ├── terraform
    └── kubernetes

Create a Freestyle Job

Step 1: New job

Click "New Item"
Enter the name: my-first-job
Select "Freestyle project"
Click "OK"

Step 2: General configuration

General
├── Description: Mon premier job Jenkins
├── Discard old builds: ✓
│   └── Max # of builds to keep: 10
├── GitHub project: https://github.com/user/repo
└── This project is parameterized: ✓

Step 3: Source Code Management

Source Code Management
├── Git
│   ├── Repository URL: https://github.com/user/repo.git
│   ├── Credentials: github-credentials
│   └── Branches to build: */main

Step 4: Build Triggers

Build Triggers
├── Build periodically: H/15 * * * *
├── Poll SCM: H/5 * * * *
├── GitHub hook trigger for GITScm polling: ✓
└── Build after other projects: upstream-job

Cron syntax

┌───────────── minute (0-59)
│ ┌───────────── hour (0-23)
│ │ ┌───────────── day of month (1-31)
│ │ │ ┌───────────── month (1-12)
│ │ │ │ ┌───────────── day of week (0-7)
│ │ │ │ │
* * * * *

Exemples:
H * * * *       # Toutes les heures (minute aléatoire)
H/15 * * * *    # Toutes les 15 minutes
H 0 * * *       # Chaque jour à minuit
H 0 * * 1-5     # Chaque jour de semaine à minuit

Step 5: Build Environment

Build Environment
├── Delete workspace before build starts: ✓
├── Add timestamps to Console Output: ✓
├── Use secret text(s) or file(s): ✓
│   └── Secret text: DOCKER_PASSWORD
└── Inject environment variables: ✓
    └── Properties Content: ENV=production

Step 6: Build Steps

Build Steps
├── Execute shell:
│   #!/bin/bash
│   echo "Building version: $BUILD_NUMBER"
│   npm install
│   npm run build
│   npm test
│
├── Invoke Gradle script:
│   └── Tasks: clean build test
│
└── Execute Windows batch command:
    └── msbuild /p:Configuration=Release

Step 7: Post-build Actions

Post-build Actions
├── Archive the artifacts: target/*.jar
├── Publish JUnit test result report: target/test-reports/*.xml
├── E-mail Notification: [email protected]
├── Build other projects: deploy-job
└── Slack Notifications: ✓

Build parameters

Parameter types

// String Parameter
properties([
    parameters([
        string(
            name: 'BRANCH',
            defaultValue: 'main',
            description: 'Branche à construire'
        ),
        
        // Choice Parameter
        choice(
            name: 'ENVIRONMENT',
            choices: ['dev', 'staging', 'prod'],
            description: 'Environnement cible'
        ),
        
        // Boolean Parameter
        booleanParam(
            name: 'SKIP_TESTS',
            defaultValue: false,
            description: 'Passer les tests'
        ),
        
        // Password Parameter
        password(
            name: 'DEPLOY_TOKEN',
            description: 'Token de déploiement'
        ),
        
        // File Parameter
        file(
            name: 'CONFIG_FILE',
            description: 'Fichier de configuration'
        )
    ])
])

Using parameters

# Dans un script shell
echo "Deploying to: ${ENVIRONMENT}"
echo "Branch: ${BRANCH}"

if [ "${SKIP_TESTS}" = "true" ]; then
    echo "Skipping tests..."
else
    npm test
fi

Environment variables

Predefined variables

Variable	Description
`BUILD_NUMBER`	Build number
`BUILD_ID`	Unique build ID
`BUILD_URL`	Build URL
`JOB_NAME`	Job name
`WORKSPACE`	Workspace path
`JENKINS_URL`	Jenkins URL
`GIT_COMMIT`	Commit hash
`GIT_BRANCH`	Git branch
`NODE_NAME`	Agent name
`EXECUTOR_NUMBER`	Executor number

Accessing the variables

# Shell
echo "Build #${BUILD_NUMBER} on ${NODE_NAME}"
echo "Commit: ${GIT_COMMIT}"

# Groovy
echo "Build: ${env.BUILD_NUMBER}"
echo "Job: ${env.JOB_NAME}"

Console Output

Reading the logs

Started by user admin
Running as SYSTEM
Building in workspace /var/jenkins_home/workspace/my-job
[my-job] $ /bin/bash -xe /tmp/jenkins123.sh
+ echo Building version: 42
Building version: 42
+ npm install
...
+ npm test
All tests passed!
Finished: SUCCESS

Filtering the logs

// Masquer les secrets
wrap([$class: 'MaskPasswordsBuildWrapper']) {
    sh 'echo "Password: $SECRET_PASSWORD"'
}

Workspace management

Structure

/var/jenkins_home/workspace/
├── my-job/
│   ├── src/
│   ├── package.json
│   └── node_modules/
├── my-job@2/          # Builds parallèles
└── my-job@tmp/        # Fichiers temporaires

Cleaning the workspace

// Dans un pipeline
cleanWs()

// Ou en Freestyle
// ✓ Delete workspace before build starts

Summary

Concept	Description
Dashboard	Overview of jobs
Freestyle	Job configured via UI
Pipeline	Job defined in code
Multibranch	Pipeline per branch
Parameters	User inputs
Workspace	Working directory

← Installation | Pipelines →

Web interface​

Main dashboard​

Status indicators​

Weather​

Job types​

Freestyle Project​

Pipeline​

Multibranch Pipeline​

Folder​

Create a Freestyle Job​

Step 1: New job​

Step 2: General configuration​

Step 3: Source Code Management​

Step 4: Build Triggers​

Cron syntax​

Step 5: Build Environment​

Step 6: Build Steps​

Step 7: Post-build Actions​

Build parameters​

Parameter types​

Using parameters​

Environment variables​

Predefined variables​

Accessing the variables​

Console Output​

Reading the logs​

Filtering the logs​

Workspace management​

Structure​

Cleaning the workspace​

Summary​